Beetroot (Dietary Nitrate): Uses, Benefits, Dosage & Safety
Last updated: June 2026 · Reviewed by the FactoWiki Editorial Team for clarity and source accuracy
Quick summary
Beetroot is a dietary source of nitrate that the body turns into nitric oxide, relaxing blood vessels. It has reasonably good evidence for modestly lowering blood pressure and a smaller effect on exercise endurance.
What is Beetroot (Dietary Nitrate)?
Beetroot is a root vegetable rich in dietary nitrate. As a supplement it comes as beet juice, powders and concentrated 'shots', popular with athletes and people interested in blood pressure and circulation. Its active principle is nitrate, which the body converts into nitric oxide — the same vasodilating molecule that ingredients like L-arginine and L-citrulline target, but reached by a different route.
What Beetroot (Dietary Nitrate) is commonly used for
In supplements, Beetroot (Dietary Nitrate) is most often included for men's vitality & testosterone support. It is used as nutritional support, not as a treatment for any medical condition — the distinction matters, because the claims on a sales page are often stronger than the evidence allows.
How Beetroot (Dietary Nitrate) works
Dietary nitrate from beetroot is converted (with help from mouth bacteria) into nitrite and then nitric oxide, a molecule that relaxes and widens blood vessels. This improves blood flow and can modestly lower blood pressure. In exercise, better blood flow and improved efficiency of muscle energy use are thought to underlie beetroot's small endurance benefits. A harmless quirk: beetroot can turn urine or stool pink-red (beeturia).
What the evidence says
Here's an honest snapshot of what published research suggests about Beetroot (Dietary Nitrate) — including where the evidence is limited.
- Trials and meta-analyses show beetroot/dietary nitrate can modestly lower blood pressure, particularly systolic pressure. (PubMed research)
- Studies suggest a small improvement in exercise endurance and efficiency, of most interest to athletes. (PubMed research)
- The blood-pressure effect depends on the nitrate dose, which varies a lot between products. (PubMed research)
Typical dosage used in studies
Studies often use beet juice supplying roughly 300-600 mg (about 5-10 mmol) of nitrate, taken a few hours before the desired effect. Nitrate content varies widely between products. This is research information, not a recommendation.
Side effects and safety
Beetroot is a food and very safe; the main 'effect' is harmless pink-red urine or stool. Because it lowers blood pressure, that is the main interaction to keep in mind.
Medication interactions and who should avoid Beetroot (Dietary Nitrate)
Medication & safety check
People on blood-pressure medication should be aware of additive blood-pressure lowering. Those prone to kidney stones should note beetroot is fairly high in oxalate. Avoid antibacterial mouthwash around the time of dosing, as it can blunt the nitrate-to-nitric-oxide conversion.
This is general information, not personal medical advice. If you take any medication, confirm it's safe to combine with Beetroot (Dietary Nitrate) with your doctor or pharmacist first.
Sources & further reading
The evidence summary above is drawn from these sources. For general, authoritative background you can also consult:
- PubMed research
- PubMed research
- PubMed research
- NIH Office of Dietary Supplements
- NIH National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health
- MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine)
Frequently asked questions
Does beetroot lower blood pressure?
Yes — there's reasonably good evidence for a modest reduction, especially in systolic pressure, via nitric oxide. It's not a replacement for blood-pressure medication.
Does beetroot improve exercise performance?
There's evidence for a small endurance and efficiency benefit, which is why it's popular with athletes.
Why does beetroot turn my urine red?
That's beeturia — a harmless effect of beet pigments, not a cause for concern.
How much beetroot do I need?
Studies often use beet juice supplying about 300-600 mg of nitrate, but content varies a lot between products.
Does mouthwash affect it?
Yes — antibacterial mouthwash can reduce the mouth bacteria that help convert nitrate to nitric oxide, blunting the effect.
Supplements that contain Beetroot (Dietary Nitrate)
On FactoWiki, Beetroot (Dietary Nitrate) appears in these reviewed products. Each review breaks down the full formula, pricing and safety.
- VigorPeak — Men's Vitality & Testosterone